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The Apollo technology is based on decades of scientific research

The Apollo technology is based on decades of scientific research

We've compiled the master list of over 50 of the most relevant peer-reviewed publications on a variety of topics.

  1. Berntson GG, Quigley K, Lozano DL. Cardiovascular Psychophysiology. In: Cacioppo JT, Tassinary LG, Berntson GG, editors. Handbook of psychophysiology. Fourth edition. ed. Cambridge, United Kingdom; New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press; 2017. p. xvi, 715 pages.
  2. Lehrer PM, Gevirtz R. Heart rate variability biofeedback: how and why does it work? Front Psychol. 2014;5:756. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00756. PubMed PMID: 25101026; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4104929.
  3. Maikala RV, King S, Bhambhani YN. Acute physiological responses in healthy men during whole-body vibration. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006;79(2):103-14. DOI: 10.1007/s00420-005-0029-8. PubMed PMID: 16175416.
  4. Gojanovic B, Feihl F, Gremion G, Waeber B. Physiological response to whole-body vibration in athletes and sedentary subjects. Physiol Res. 2014;63(6):779-92. PubMed PMID: 25157652.
  5. Cochrane DJ, Sartor F, Winwood K, Stannard SR, Narici MV, Rittweger J. A comparison of the physiologic effects of acute whole-body vibration exercise in young and older people. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;89(5):815-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.09.055. PubMed PMID: 18452726.
  6. Uchikune M. The evaluation of horizontal whole-body vibration in the low-frequency range. J Low Freq Noise V A. 2002;21(1):29-36. DOI: Doi 10.1260/02630920260374961. PubMed PMID: WOS:000177739900004.
  7. Uchikune M. Study of the effects of whole-body vibration in the low-frequency range. J Low Freq Noise V A. 2004;23(2):133-8. DOI: Doi 10.1260/0263092042869801. PubMed PMID: WOS:000225283200005.
  8. Jiao K, Li Z, Chen M, Wang C, Qi S. Effect of different vibration frequencies on heart rate variability and driving fatigue in healthy drivers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2004;77(3):205-12. DOI: 10.1007/s00420-003-0493-y. PubMed PMID: 14762667.
  9. Bjor B, Burstrom L, Karlsson M, Nilsson T, Naslund U, Wiklund U. Acute effects on heart rate variability when exposed to hand transmitted vibration and noise. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2007;81(2):193-9. DOI: 10.1007/s00420-007-0205-0. PubMed PMID: 17541625.
  10. Ma J, Zhang L, He G, Tan X, Jin X, Li C. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation regulates expression of growth differentiation factor 11 and activin-like kinase 5 in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rats. J Neurol Sci. 2016;369:27-35. DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.08.004. PubMed PMID: 27653860.
  11. Bauer S, Baier H, Baumgartner C, Bohlmann K, Fauser S, Graf W, et al. Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) for Treatment of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial (cMPsE02). Brain Stimul. 2016;9(3):356-63. DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2015.11.003. PubMed PMID: 27033012.
  12. Jiang Y, Li L, Ma J, Zhang L, Niu F, Feng T, et al. Auricular vagus nerve stimulation promotes functional recovery and enhances the post-ischemic angiogenic response in an ischemia/reperfusion rat model. Neurochem Int. 2016;97:73-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.02.009. PubMed PMID: 26964767.
  13. He B, Lu Z, He W, Huang B, Jiang H. Autonomic Modulation by Electrical Stimulation of the Parasympathetic Nervous System: An Emerging Intervention for Cardiovascular Diseases. Cardiovasc Ther. 2016;34(3):167-71. DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12179. PubMed PMID: 26914959.
  14. Hideaki W, Tatsuya H, Shogo M, Naruto Y, Hideaki T, Yoichi M, et al. Effect of 100 Hz electroacupuncture on salivary immunoglobulin A and the autonomic nervous system. Acupunct Med. 2015;33(6):451-6. DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010784. PubMed PMID: 26449884; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4860969.
  15. Stein C, Dal Lago P, Ferreira JB, Casali KR, Plentz RD. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation at different frequencies on heart rate variability in healthy subjects. Auton Neurosci. 2011;165(2):205-8. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2011.07.003. PubMed PMID: 21827970.
  16. Hiraba H, Inoue M, Gora K, Sato T, Nishimura S, Yamaoka M, et al. Facial vibrotactile stimulation activates the parasympathetic nervous system: study of salivary secretion, heart rate, pupillary reflex, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy activity. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:910812. DOI: 10.1155/2014/910812. PubMed PMID: 24511550; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3910479.
  17. Grundy D. Neuroanatomy of visceral nociception: vagal and splanchnic afferent. Gut. 2002;51 Suppl 1:i2-5. PubMed PMID: 12077054; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC1867719.
  18. Field T, Diego M. Maternal depression effects on infant frontal EEG asymmetry. Int J Neurosci. 2008;118(8):1081-108. DOI: 10.1080/00207450701769067. PubMed PMID: 18576209.
  19. Field T, Diego M. Vagal activity, early growth, and emotional development. Infant Behav Dev. 2008;31(3):361-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2007.12.008. PubMed PMID: 18295898; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2556849.
  20. Sasaki K, Maruyama R. Consciously controlled breathing decreases the high-frequency component of heart rate variability by inhibiting cardiac parasympathetic nerve activity. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2014;233(3):155-63. PubMed PMID: 24965685.
  21. Hilz MJ, Koehn J, Kolodny EH, Brys M, Moeller S, Stemper B. Metronomic breathing shows altered parasympathetic baroreflex function in untreated Fabry patients and baroreflex improvement after enzyme replacement therapy. J Hypertens. 2011;29(12):2387-94. DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32834c31db. PubMed PMID: 21970939.
  22. Ha SM, Cho YS, Cho GC, Jo CH, Ryu JY. Modified carotid sinus massage using an ultrasonography for maximizing vagal tone: a crossover simulation study. Am J Emerg Med. 2015;33(7):963-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.04.011. PubMed PMID: 25957143.
  23. McDonald C, Firbank M, Pearce M, Blamire AM, Newton JL, Kerr S. Symptoms during carotid sinus massage, not hemodynamic change, are associated with white matter hyperintensity volume on magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014;62(10):1988-9. DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13031. PubMed PMID: 25333538.
  24. Laine Green A, Weaver DF. Vagal stimulation by manual carotid sinus massage to acutely suppress seizures. J Clin Neurosci. 2014;21(1):179-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2013.03.017. PubMed PMID: 23962632.
  25. Cronin EM, Blake GJ. Carotid sinus massage. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2011;22(5):600. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01952.x. PubMed PMID: 21561504.
  26. Scali F, Pontell ME, Enix DE, Marshall E. Histological analysis of the rectus capitis posterior major’s myodural bridge. Spine J. 2013;13(5):558-63. DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.01.015. PubMed PMID: 23406969.
  27. Edelson SM, Edelson MG, Kerr DC, Grandin T. Behavioral and physiological effects of deep pressure on children with autism: a pilot study evaluating the efficacy of Grandin’s Hug Machine. Am J Occup Ther. 1999;53(2):145-52. PubMed PMID: 10200837.
  28. McFadden KL, Healy KM, Hoversten KP, Ito TA, Hernandez TD. Efficacy of acupressure for non-pharmacological stress reduction in college students. Complement Ther Med. 2012;20(4):175-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2011.12.003. PubMed PMID: 22579428.
  29. Huang ST, Chen GY, Lo HM, Lin JG, Lee YS, Kuo CD. Increase in the vagal modulation by acupuncture at neiguan point in the healthy subjects. Am J Chin Med. 2005;33(1):157-64. DOI: 10.1142/S0192415X0500276X. PubMed PMID: 15844844.
  30. Coan JA, Schaefer HS, Davidson RJ. Lending a hand: social regulation of the neural response to threat. Psychol Sci. 2006;17(12):1032-9. Epub 2007/01/05. DOI: PSCI1832 [pii] 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01832.x. PubMed PMID: 17201784.
  31. Field T. Touch for socioemotional and physical well-being: A review. Dev Rev. 2010;30(4):367-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2011.01.001. PubMed PMID: WOS:000289179900003.
  32. Craig AD. How do you feel? Interoception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 2002;3(8):655-66. DOI: 10.1038/nrn894. PubMed PMID: WOS:000177447800016.
  33. Craig AD. How do you feel – now? The anterior insula and human awareness. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 2009;10(1):59-70. DOI: 10.1038/nrn2555. PubMed PMID: WOS:000261934500015.
  34. Strigo IA, Craig AD. Interoception, homeostatic emotions, and sympathovagal balance. Philos T R Soc B. 2016;371(1708). DOI: ARTN 2016001010.1098/rstb.2016.0010. PubMed PMID: WOS:000387766300008.
  35. Sliz D, Smith A, Wiebking C, Northoff G, Hayley S. Neural correlates of a single-session massage treatment. Brain Imaging Behav. 2012;6(1):77-87. DOI: 10.1007/s11682-011-9146-z. PubMed PMID: 22261925; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3282900.
  36. McGlone F, Wessberg J, Olausson H. Discriminative and affective touch: sensing and feeling. Neuron. 2014;82(4):737-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.05.001. PubMed PMID: 24853935.
  37. Lindgren L, Gouveia-Figueira S, Nording ML, Fowler CJ. Endocannabinoids and related lipids in blood plasma following touch massage: a randomized, crossover study. BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:504. DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1450-z. PubMed PMID: 26420002; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4589181.
  38. Diego MA, Field T, Sanders C, Hernandez-Reif M. Massage therapy of moderate and light pressure and vibrator effects on EEG and heart rate. International Journal of Neuroscience. 2004;114(1):31-44. DOI: 10.1080/00207450490249446. PubMed PMID: WOS:000188008300003.
  39. Kubsch SM, Neveau T, Vandertie K. Effect of cutaneous stimulation on pain reduction in emergency department patients. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 2000;6(1):25-32. DOI: 10.1054/ctnm.1999.0429. PubMed PMID: 11033650.
  40. Ahles TA, Tope DM, Pinkson B, Walch S, Hann D, Whedon M, et al. Massage therapy for patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1999;18(3):157-63. PubMed PMID: 10517036.
  41. Hernandez-Reif M, Martinez A, Field T, Quintero O, Hart S, Burman I. Premenstrual symptoms are relieved by massage therapy. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2000;21(1):9-15. PubMed PMID: 10907210.
  42. Kim MS, Cho KS, Woo H, Kim JH. Effects of hand massage on anxiety in cataract surgery using local anesthesia. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2001;27(6):884-90. PubMed PMID: 11408136.
  43. Ouchi Y, Kanno T, Okada H, Yoshikawa E, Shinke T, Nagasawa S, et al. Changes in cerebral blood flow under the prone condition with and without massage. Neurosci Lett. 2006;407(2):131-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.08.037. PubMed PMID: 16973270.
  44. Craig AD. Distribution of trigeminothalamic and spinothalamic lamina I terminations in the cat. Somatosens Mot Res. 2003;20(3-4):209-22. DOI: 10.1080/08990220310001623013. PubMed PMID: 14675960.
  45. Ma Q, Shen Q, Xu Q, Li D, Shu L, Weber B. Empathic responses to others’ gains and losses: an electrophysiological investigation. NeuroImage. 2011;54(3):2472-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.045. PubMed PMID: 20974264.
  46. Craig AD. Interoception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2003;13(4):500-5. PubMed PMID: 12965300.
  47. Menon V, Uddin LQ. Saliency, switching, attention, and control: a network model of insula function. Brain Struct Funct. 2010;214(5-6):655-67. DOI: 10.1007/s00429-010-0262-0. PubMed PMID: 20512370; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2899886.
  48. Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessell TM. Principles of neural science. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division; 2000. xli, 1414 p. p.
  49. Spicuzza L, Gabutti A, Porta C, Montano N, Bernardi L. Yoga and chemoreflex response to hypoxia and hypercapnia. Lancet. 2000;356(9240):1495-6. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02881-6. PubMed PMID: 11081541.
  50. Bernardi L. Clinical evaluation of arterial baroreflex activity in diabetes. Diabetes Nutrition & Metabolism. 2000;13(6):331-40. PubMed PMID: WOS:000166475100006.
  51. Bernardi L, Wdowczyk-Szulc J, Valenti C, Castoldi S, Passino C, Spadacini G, et al. Effects of controlled breathing, mental activity and mental stress with or without verbalization on heart rate variability. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2000;35(6):1462-9. DOI: Doi 10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00595-7. PubMed PMID: WOS:000086828700010.
  52. McCaul KD, Solomon S, Holmes DS. Effects of paced respiration and expectations on physiological and psychological responses to threat. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1979;37(4):564-71. PubMed PMID: 448632.
  53. Harris VA, Katkin ES, Lick JR, Habberfield T. Paced respiration as a technique for the modification of autonomic response to stress. Psychophysiology. 1976;13(5):386-91. PubMed PMID: 972961.